Application | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
medicine | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
medicine | - |
Sus scrofa |
medicine | inhibitors alrestatin and sorbinil, possible method of preventing neuropathy and cataractogenesis associated with diabetes | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
3,3'-tetramethylenglutaric acid | - |
Gallus sp. | |
3,3'-tetramethylenglutaric acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
3,3'-tetramethylenglutaric acid | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
Alrestatin | - |
Homo sapiens | |
Alrestatin | - |
Ovis aries | |
Alrestatin | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
Chromone | - |
Homo sapiens | |
Li2SO4 | aldehyde reductase I inhibited by 86%, aldehyde reductase II is not affected | Homo sapiens | |
p-mercuribenzoate | aldehyde reductase I is more sensitive than aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
p-mercuribenzoate | - |
Sus scrofa | |
sodium phenobarbital | - |
Bos taurus | |
sodium phenobarbital | aldehyde reductase II activity diminished by 84% | Homo sapiens | |
sorbinil | - |
Homo sapiens | |
sorbinil | - |
Ovis aries | |
sorbinil | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.008 | - |
propionaldehyde | aldehyde reductase I | Homo sapiens | |
0.013 | - |
NADPH | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
0.022 | - |
NADPH | aldehyde reductase I | Homo sapiens | |
0.023 | - |
benzaldehyde | aldehyde reductase I | Homo sapiens | |
0.029 | - |
p-nitrobenzaldehyde | aldehyde reductase I | Homo sapiens | |
0.034 | - |
p-nitrobenzaldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
0.042 | - |
pyridine 3-aldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
0.062 | - |
4-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
0.062 | - |
p-Carboxybenzaldehyde | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
0.082 | - |
m-nitrobenzaldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
0.083 | - |
Butyraldehyde | aldehyde reductase I | Homo sapiens | |
0.11 | - |
Phenylglyoxal | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
0.169 | - |
p-nitrobenzaldehyde | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
0.31 | - |
laurylaldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
0.32 | - |
Indole-3-acetaldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
0.32 | - |
p-Carboxybenzaldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
0.606 | - |
3-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
1.1 | - |
n-Butyraldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
1.1 | - |
p-nitrobenzaldehyde | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
1.18 | - |
3-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde | aldehyde reductase I | Homo sapiens | |
1.2 | - |
diacetyl | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
1.3 | - |
Phenylglyoxal | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
1.9 | - |
methylglyoxal | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
2 | - |
n-Butyraldehyde | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
2.8 | - |
o-nitrobenzaldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
2.9 | - |
3-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
2.94 | - |
DL-glyceraldehyde | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
2.94 | - |
DL-glyceraldehyde | aldehyde reductase II, at pH 7.0 and 37°C | Homo sapiens | |
2.95 | - |
sodium D-glucuronate | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
2.95 | - |
sodium D-glucuronate | aldehyde reductase II, at pH 7.0 and 37°C | Homo sapiens | |
3 | - |
Indole-3-acetaldehyde | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
3.2 | - |
methylglyoxal | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
4 | - |
m-nitrobenzaldehyde | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
4.6 | - |
o-nitrobenzaldehyde | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
5.2 | - |
pyridine 4-aldehyde | AR3 | Gallus sp. | |
7.69 | - |
Butyraldehyde | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
9.09 | - |
benzaldehyde | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
9.9 | - |
glycolaldehyde | AR2 | Gallus sp. | |
12.5 | - |
DL-glyceraldehyde | aldehyde reductase I | Homo sapiens | |
12.5 | - |
DL-glyceraldehyde | aldehyde reductase I, at pH 7.3 and 37°C | Homo sapiens | |
14.28 | - |
propionaldehyde | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
500 | - |
D-xylose | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens | |
543 | - |
D-galactose | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
NaCl | 100 mM, aldehyde reductase II slightly stimulated | Homo sapiens |
Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
32000 | - |
- |
Rattus norvegicus |
32000 | - |
- |
Bos taurus |
32000 | - |
- |
Gallus sp. |
32000 | - |
aldehyde reductase II, gel filtration | Homo sapiens |
32500 | - |
gel filtration, Sephadex G-100 | Homo sapiens |
33000 | - |
1 * 33000, aldehyde reductase II, SDS-PAGE | Homo sapiens |
35000 | - |
1 * 35000 + 1 * 42000,aldehyde reductase I, SDS-PAGE | Homo sapiens |
39000 | - |
1 * 39000, AR1 and AR3, SDS-PAGE | Gallus sp. |
72000 | - |
gel filtration | Homo sapiens |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Bos taurus | - |
bovine | - |
Gallus sp. | - |
chicken | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
human | - |
Mus musculus | - |
mouse | - |
Ovis aries | - |
sheep | - |
Ovis aries | - |
Suffolk-Hampshire | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
rat | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
pig | - |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
- |
Mus musculus |
aldehyde reductase I and II | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
brain | - |
Mus musculus | - |
brain | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
brain | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
brain | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
brain | - |
Bos taurus | - |
brain | - |
Ovis aries | - |
brain | - |
Gallus sp. | - |
erythrocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
kidney | - |
Mus musculus | - |
kidney | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
kidney | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
kidney | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
kidney | - |
Bos taurus | - |
kidney | - |
Ovis aries | - |
liver | - |
Mus musculus | - |
liver | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
liver | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
liver | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
liver | - |
Bos taurus | - |
liver | - |
Ovis aries | - |
placenta | - |
Mus musculus | - |
placenta | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
placenta | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
placenta | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
placenta | - |
Ovis aries | - |
seminal vesicle | - |
Mus musculus | - |
seminal vesicle | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
seminal vesicle | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
seminal vesicle | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
seminal vesicle | - |
Ovis aries | - |
Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
2.47 | - |
aldehyde reductase I | Homo sapiens |
29.62 | - |
aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens |
Storage Stability | Organism |
---|---|
0°C, freezing of the purified enzymes results in almost complete loss of activity, purified aldehyde reductase II is stable in 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7, for 2-3 month, but appears to lose activity rapidly thereafter, purified aldehyde reductase I retains enzyme activity in the same buffer for about 3 months, after which enzyme activity declines | Homo sapiens |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | 3-pyridinemethanol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 3-pyridinemethanol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Sus scrofa | 3-pyridinemethanol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Bos taurus | 3-pyridinemethanol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Ovis aries | 3-pyridinemethanol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | 3-pyridinemethanol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | 4-pyridinemethanol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
benzaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | benzyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
D-galactose + NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | ? + NADP+ | - |
? | |
D-glucuronolactone + NADPH | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? + NADP+ | - |
? | |
D-glucuronolactone + NADPH | - |
Sus scrofa | ? + NADP+ | - |
? | |
D-glucuronolactone + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | ? + NADP+ | - |
? | |
D-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Mus musculus | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
D-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Homo sapiens | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
D-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
D-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Sus scrofa | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
D-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Ovis aries | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
D-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Gallus sp. | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
D-xylose + NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | ? + NADP+ | - |
? | |
diacetyl + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | ? + NADP+ | - |
? | |
DL-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Homo sapiens | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
glycerol + NADP+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | DL-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
glycerol + NADP+ | - |
Sus scrofa | DL-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
glycolaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | ethane-1,2-diol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
indol-3-ylacetaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | indol-3-ethanol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
L-glyceraldehyde + NADPH | - |
Mus musculus | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
L-glyceraldehyde + NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
L-glyceraldehyde + NADPH | - |
Rattus norvegicus | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
L-glyceraldehyde + NADPH | - |
Sus scrofa | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
L-glyceraldehyde + NADPH | - |
Ovis aries | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
L-glyceraldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | glycerol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
lauryl aldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | lauryl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
m-nitrobenzaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | m-nitrobenzylalcohol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
methylglyoxal + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | ? + NADP+ | - |
? | |
additional information | - |
Sus scrofa | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | - |
Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | glucose, galactose, fructose, sorbitol, galactitol, xylitol and glycerol are no substrates | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
n-butyraldehyde + NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | n-butanol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
n-butyraldehyde + NADPH | - |
Sus scrofa | n-butanol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
n-butyraldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | n-butanol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
o-nitrobenzaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | o-nitrobenzylalcohol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
p-carboxybenzaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | p-carboxybenzyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
p-nitrobenzaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | p-nitrobenzylalcohol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
p-nitrobenzaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | p-nitrobenzylalcohol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
phenylglyoxal + NADPH | - |
Gallus sp. | ? + NADP+ | - |
? | |
propionaldehyde + NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | propanol + NADP+ | - |
? | |
sodium D-glucuronate + NADPH + H+ | - |
Homo sapiens | sodium L-gulonate + NADP+ | - |
r |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
dimer | 1 * 35000 + 1 * 42000,aldehyde reductase I, SDS-PAGE | Homo sapiens |
monomer | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
monomer | - |
Sus scrofa |
monomer | - |
Bos taurus |
monomer | 1 * 33000, aldehyde reductase II, SDS-PAGE | Homo sapiens |
monomer | 1 * 39000, AR1 and AR3, SDS-PAGE | Gallus sp. |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
L-hexonate dehydrogenase | - |
Mus musculus |
L-hexonate dehydrogenase | - |
Homo sapiens |
L-hexonate dehydrogenase | - |
Bos taurus |
L-hexonate dehydrogenase | - |
Ovis aries |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
6 | - |
- |
Rattus norvegicus |
6 | - |
- |
Gallus sp. |
6 | - |
aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens |
6.7 | 6.8 | - |
Bos taurus |
6.7 | 6.8 | aldehyde reductase II | Homo sapiens |